By FEMA Homeland Security
Possibility administration sequence. FEMA P-453. could 2006. offers suggestions in designing shelters and secure rooms in constructions. 264 pages.
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Extra resources for Safe Rooms and Shelters: Protecting People Against Terrorist Attacks
Example text
Siting of standalone shelters for nuclear protection has typically been underground, as tunnels, caves, or buried structures. The mass of the geological materials absorbed the blast energy and provided radiation shielding. Many of the siting and design principles developed by the Office of Civil Defense in FEMA TR-29, Architect & Engineer Activities in Shelter Development; FEMA RR-7, Civil Defense Shelters A State of the Art Assessment 1986; and FEMA TR-87, Standards for Fallout Shelters are still applicable.
Casualties will occur and assets will be damaged. Building components, including structural members, will require replacement, or the facility may be completely unrepairable, requiring demolition and replacement. For Minimum Protection, there are no restrictions on the type of glazing used. Moderate damage, repairable. The facility or protected space will sustain a significant degree of damage, but the structure will be reusable. Some casualties may occur and assets may be damaged. Building elements other than major structural members may require replacement.
Less Than 24 Hours. An occupancy duration of less than 24 hours does not require sleeping areas. 86 m2/person (20 square feet/person), depending upon the classification of occupancy. The classification of occupancy, as stated in NFPA 101, may require a higher or lower occupant design considerations 1-31 loading depending upon the building classification. The occupant loading will be coordinated with the authority having jurisdiction. b. More Than 24 Hours. An occupancy duration greater than 24 hours requires sleeping areas.