By Alfredo Maciel-Cerda
This booklet describes present advances within the study on membranes and functions in undefined, groundwater, and desalination approaches. subject matters diversity from synthesis of latest polymers to guidance of membranes utilizing new water remedies for effluents, graphite membranes, improvement of polymeric and ceramic fabrics for construction of membranes meant to split gases and drinks, and liquid-liquid stages. The authors comprise fabrics used to provide catalytic membranes for polymer synthesis. The publication additionally information theoretical methods and simulation of membrane tactics and parameters and design.
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4. Khawaji, A. , Kutubkhanah, I. , & Wie, J. M. (2008). Advances in seawater desalination technologies. Desalination, 221, 47–69. 5. Lawson, K. , & Loyd, D. R. (1997). Membrane distillation. Journal of Membrane Science, 124, 1–25. 6. Ahmed, F. , Lalia, B. , & Hashaikeh, R. (2015). A review on electrospinning for membrane fabrication: Challenges and applications. Desalination, 356, 15–30. 7. , & Ramakrishna, S. J. (2006). Surface modified nonwoven polysulphone (PSU) fiber mesh by electrospinning: A novel affinity membrane.
998 %) were supplied by Infra SA. 4 MHz) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) using a JEOL Eclipse-300 equipment. The infrared studies (IR) were acquired in a Thermo Scientific Nicolet 8700 spectrophotometer by absorbance or diffuse reflectance. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) was performed in a XL30 ESEM Philips. 3 Synthesis of the Ionic Liquids 1. 1): anthranilic acid was added dropwise to the trioctylmethylammonium methylcarbonate solution which was at 30 % in methanol.
The supports in this membrane technology play a major role depending on the systems where the separation will be implemented. The polymeric supports are less thermally stable than the ceramic ones. Recent studies have reported the use of alumina [10, 11] and titania [10] ceramic supports because these materials feature good chemical and thermal stabilities. In the present work, two new liquid membranes supported with ILs functionalized with amine groups were studied; one of the ILs possesses the amine group at the anionic part of the molecule and the other IL has the amine group at the cationic part.